Logo Design
A logo (from the Greek λογότυπος = logotipos) is a graphic element, symbol, or icon of a trademark or brand and together with its logotype, which is set in a unique typeface or arranged in a particular way. A typical logo is designed to cause immediate recognition by the viewer. The logo is one aspect of the brand of a company or economic entity, and the shapes, colors, fonts and images are usually different from others in a similar market. Logos may also be used to identify organizations or other entities in non-economic contexts.
The word "logo" is derived from the original word "logotype". In the days before means of mechanical typesetting were invented, compositors in printing offices used to assemble, or "set" type into a composing stick, picking up individual letters as they went. An idea to save time and effort resulted in commonly used words such as "the", "and", etc were created onto a single body of type and this composite piece of type was called a Logotype. Later on as technology improved the same idea was used to create a design, or symbol representing the identity of a company or institution.[citation needed]
In recent times the term 'logo' has been used to describe signs, emblems, coats of arms, symbols and even flags. In this article several examples of true logos are displayed, which may generally be contrasted with emblems, or marks, which include non-textual graphics of some kind. Emblems with non-textual content are considered one aspect of a complete logo.
Distinct aspects of a complete logo:
- Logotype/Wordmark/Lettermark: text or abbreviated text
- Icon: symbol / brandmark
- Slogan: description of the company
The uniqueness of a logo is often necessary to avoid confusion in the marketplace among clients, suppliers, users, affiliates, and the general public. To the extent that a logo achieves this objective, it may function as a trademark, and may be used to uniquely identify businesses, organizations, events, products or services. Once a logo is designed, one of the most effective means for protecting it is through registration as a trademark, so that no unauthorised third parties can use it, or interfere with the owner's use of it.
There are several elements of a good logo. An effective logo—
- should be unique, and not subject to confusion with other logos among viewers
- is functional and can be used in many different contexts while retaining its integrity
- should remain effective whether reproduced small or large
- can work in "full-color", but also in two color presentation (black and white), spot color, or halftone
- should be able to maintain its integrity when printed on various fabrics or materials (where the shape of the product may distort the logo)
- displays basic design principles (space, color, form, consistency, and clarity)
- represents the brand/company appropriately.
Graphic design is the process of communicating visually using text and images to present information. Graphic design practice embraces a range of cognitive skills, aesthetics and crafts, including typography, visual arts and page layout. Like other forms of design, graphic design often refers to both the process (designing) by which the communication is created and the products (designs) which are generated.
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